Overview
Here is our list of the 5 most common Website Accessibility barriers found on websites today.
Headings & Layout, Navigation, Alternative Text and Tags, Structure of Forms, and Non-HTML Content
Developing a website to comply with website accessibility standards will include an approach based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). The guidelines are designed for those with disabilities who would otherwise be unable to use the website they were hoping to navigate. For those with visual impairments, many issues may inhibit a user from using a website. The layout, headings, navigation, non-HTML content, missing, or inaccurate alt text affect the ability to use screen readers or other applicable technology properly.
Typically relying on keyboard commands, screen readers provide information about icons, files, folders, and other text found on the screen. All operating systems include a screen reader, and many can read all or parts of visible text on a page. To fully comply with a screenreader, however, a website must be created with website accessibility in mind. Technology supporting those with disabilities rely on well structured, accessibility enables code. Errors in code or faulty creation can triggers errors in screen readers and other technology used.
Here are a few of the most common compliance barriers for users with visual impairments:
Headings & Layout
Proper use of web headings is critical in allowing the user to find what they are looking for on a page. Rather than using headings decoratively, placing them in a descending order that is logical will increase the likelihood of an impaired user interpreting the web page correctly. Screen readers vary in complexity and ability to understand CSS or HTML. This can create issues when a screen reader must determine what sequence the text is presented. Screen reader technology also allows users to search for text on-screen, while these users rarely will read an entire web page. With this in mind, structuring HTML in a logical order that reads left to right/top to bottom will increase the likelihood of compliance with screen reader technology.
Navigation
Navigation is not detected by screen readers, meaning if not labeled accordingly, it will trigger a screen reader to read the text forcing a user with visual impairment to listen to the navigation over and over again each time a new page loads. Creating navigation that is website accessible allows the screen reader to skip over this text.
Alternative Text and Tags for Images
Alternative tagging on images must convey the content of the image. Images within a website can comply with accessibility standards, as long as tagging and descriptions are used correctly. Shorty and concise descriptions allow users to navigate content quickly as needed. Imagery with repeated alternative text should be avoided as screen readers will read each image descriptor, over and over again. Decorative images must be labeled accordingly, and having missing alternative text will negatively impact your web presence. Alternative text with no information, or a null attribute, will announce a non-descriptive image, which will create confusion for the user. If the image is critical in understanding the context of the page, the user will be unable to use the web page.
Learn more about our human-led accessibility solutions that enable access for all
Structure of Forms
Labeling forms on a page is critical in enabling the use of the feature for those users with visual impairments. Forms are often a common barrier for users with disabilities as they are commonly misrepresented by screen reader technology. To fully comply with accessibility standards, clearly label each text box, button, and any use of captchas, as well as an alternative function enabling audio. Any errors made by the users must be prompted by displaying error text to the user if a form error occurs.
Non-HTML Content
Additional content, including PDF presentation, typically includes compliance barriers for those users with disabilities. Tagging PDFs for navigation by a screen reader is possible, while other document types offer technology within the software.
What does it take to make a website compliant?
Web programmers specializing in compliance barriers will review the code on your current site, looking for areas that would greatly benefit from ADA compliant website improvements. Understanding the goals of the website and the volume of improvements needed, an implementation plan is developed. How customer data is stored, managed, and used is also reviewed for GDPR and CCPA compliance. Remediation of compliance barriers can span from full website creation to tweaks and changes to balance costs and timing with compliance. Recommendations to best manage customer information are provided and a policy is developed. Following any changes, documentation of the improvements and ongoing testing and maintenance is performed.
What happens when your website is not compliant?
When your website is not ADA compliant, you could face serious financial setbacks in fines and penalties. A company’s first violation of ADA compliance can be anywhere between $55,000 and $75,000. A second violation increases to $110,000 to $150,000. If your site doesn’t utilize ADA compliant website design at all, it may become more difficult to keep up with the changing standards when it’s time to switch. Having a baseline of following ADA accessibility standards will make it easier to upgrade when guidelines change.
The most common barriers include issues with headings and layout, navigation, missing or incorrect alt text, poorly structured forms, and inaccessible non-HTML content.
A clear heading structure helps screen reader users navigate content efficiently and understand the hierarchy of information on a page.
They can prevent users from navigating websites, understanding content, or completing tasks, especially for those relying on screen readers or keyboard navigation.
Non-compliant websites may face legal penalties, fines, and loss of users, while also creating barriers that limit access for people with disabilities.
